[Repo Assist] fix(identifier): export CausalIdentifier Protocol from dowhy.causal_identifier

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Problem

CausalIdentifier — the Protocol that both AutoIdentifier and IDIdentifier conform to — is defined in dowhy/causal_identifier/identify_effect.py but was never added to dowhy/causal_identifier/__init__.py. This means the import:

from dowhy.causal_identifier import CausalIdentifier

raises ImportError: cannot import name 'CausalIdentifier' from 'dowhy.causal_identifier', as reported in issue #831.

Root Cause

identify_effect.py imports and identify_effect function were added to __init__.py, but the CausalIdentifier Protocol class defined in the same file was never included.

Fix

Single line added to dowhy/causal_identifier/__init__.py:

# Before
from dowhy.causal_identifier.identify_effect import identify_effect

# After
from dowhy.causal_identifier.identify_effect import CausalIdentifier, identify_effect

And "CausalIdentifier" added to __all__.

Tests

Added two tests to tests/causal_identifiers/test_auto_identifier.py:

Test	What it verifies
test_causal_identifier_protocol_importable_from_top_level	from dowhy.causal_identifier import CausalIdentifier no longer raises ImportError
test_auto_identifier_and_id_identifier_conform_to_causal_identifier_protocol	Both AutoIdentifier and IDIdentifier satisfy the Protocol's structural requirements

Test Status

• ✅ Syntax valid (ast.parse)
• ✅ No logic changes — purely adds a missing export
• Full CI will validate both new tests and all existing identifier tests

Partially addresses #831.

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